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    Wednesday, August 26, 2026

    Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each. (a) Oxidation (b) Reduction

    Oxidation and Reduction | Class 10 CBSE Science
    ⚗️ Oxidation and Reduction
    Gain or Loss of Oxygen | Class 10 CBSE Science
    ऑक्सीकरण एवं अपचयन
    1️⃣ CBSE Board Question
    Question:

    Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each.

    (a) Oxidation
    (b) Reduction
    2️⃣ Concept — आसान भाषा में समझें
    English:

    Oxidation and reduction can be explained in terms of the gain or loss of oxygen.

    Oxidation: A substance undergoes oxidation when it gains oxygen.

    Reduction: A substance undergoes reduction when it loses oxygen.
    Hindi:

    ऑक्सीकरण और अपचयन को ऑक्सीजन के लाभ या हानि के आधार पर समझा जा सकता है।

    ऑक्सीकरण: जब किसी पदार्थ में ऑक्सीजन का योग होता है, तो वह ऑक्सीकरण कहलाता है।

    अपचयन: जब किसी पदार्थ से ऑक्सीजन निकलती है, तो वह अपचयन कहलाता है।
    ⭐ याद रखने की Trick:

    Oxidation → Gain of Oxygen
    ऑक्सीकरण → ऑक्सीजन का लाभ

    Reduction → Loss of Oxygen
    अपचयन → ऑक्सीजन की हानि
    3️⃣ Attractive Animation — Gain / Loss of Oxygen
    Oxygen Transfer — ऑक्सीजन का स्थानांतरण
    O₂
    →
    Substance
    Gain of Oxygen = Oxidation | Loss of Oxygen = Reduction
    4️⃣ (a) Oxidation — ऑक्सीकरण
    Definition:

    Oxidation is the process in which a substance gains oxygen.

    परिभाषा:

    किसी पदार्थ द्वारा ऑक्सीजन प्राप्त करने की प्रक्रिया को ऑक्सीकरण कहते हैं।
    Example 1: Copper is heated in oxygen.
    2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO
    Step-by-step:

    1. Copper is the reactant.
    2. Oxygen is added to copper.
    3. Copper changes into copper oxide.
    4. Therefore, copper undergoes oxidation.
    Hindi: ताँबे में ऑक्सीजन जुड़कर Copper(II) oxide बनता है। इसलिए Cu का ऑक्सीकरण होता है।
    Example 2: Magnesium burns in oxygen.
    2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
    Step-by-step:

    1. Magnesium reacts with oxygen.
    2. Oxygen is added to magnesium.
    3. Magnesium oxide is formed.
    4. Therefore, magnesium is oxidised.
    Hindi: मैग्नीशियम ऑक्सीजन ग्रहण करके Magnesium oxide बनाता है। इसलिए Mg का ऑक्सीकरण होता है।
    5️⃣ (b) Reduction — अपचयन
    Definition:

    Reduction is the process in which a substance loses oxygen.

    परिभाषा:

    किसी पदार्थ से ऑक्सीजन के हटने की प्रक्रिया को अपचयन कहते हैं।
    Example 1: Copper oxide reacts with hydrogen.
    CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O
    Step-by-step:

    1. Copper oxide contains oxygen.
    2. Hydrogen reacts with CuO.
    3. Oxygen is removed from CuO.
    4. Copper is formed.
    5. Therefore, CuO undergoes reduction.
    Hindi: CuO से ऑक्सीजन हटकर Cu बनता है। इसलिए CuO का अपचयन होता है।
    Example 2: Lead oxide reacts with carbon.
    2PbO + C → 2Pb + CO₂
    Step-by-step:

    1. PbO contains oxygen.
    2. Carbon reacts with PbO.
    3. Oxygen is removed from PbO.
    4. Lead is formed.
    5. Therefore, PbO undergoes reduction.
    Hindi: Lead oxide से ऑक्सीजन हटकर Lead बनता है। इसलिए PbO का अपचयन होता है।
    6️⃣ Full CBSE Board Solution — Step-by-Step
    Question:

    Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each.

    (a) Oxidation
    (b) Reduction
    (a) Oxidation — ऑक्सीकरण

    Oxidation is the process in which a substance gains oxygen.

    Example 1:
    2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO
    Here, Cu gains oxygen and forms CuO. Hence, Cu is oxidised.

    Example 2:
    2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
    Here, Mg gains oxygen and forms MgO. Hence, Mg is oxidised.
    (b) Reduction — अपचयन

    Reduction is the process in which a substance loses oxygen.

    Example 1:
    CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O
    Here, CuO loses oxygen and changes into Cu. Hence, CuO is reduced.

    Example 2:
    2PbO + C → 2Pb + CO₂
    Here, PbO loses oxygen and changes into Pb. Hence, PbO is reduced.
    7️⃣ Oxidation vs Reduction
    Oxidation:
    Gain of oxygen.
    ऑक्सीजन का लाभ।

    Example: 2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO
    Reduction:
    Loss of oxygen.
    ऑक्सीजन की हानि।

    Example: CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O
    ⭐ Board Exam Trick:

    Gain of Oxygen = Oxidation
    Loss of Oxygen = Reduction
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    🏆 Final Revision
    OXIDATION:

    Gain of Oxygen → ऑक्सीजन का लाभ

    2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO

    2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
    REDUCTION:

    Loss of Oxygen → ऑक्सीजन की हानि

    CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O

    2PbO + C → 2Pb + CO₂
    सबसे महत्वपूर्ण लाइन:

    👉 Oxygen का Gain = Oxidation
    👉 Oxygen का Loss = Reduction

    यही लाइन इस प्रश्न का मुख्य आधार है।

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