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Wednesday, August 26, 2026

What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples.

Precipitation Reaction | Class 10 CBSE Science
☁️ Precipitation Reaction
Class 10 CBSE Science | अवक्षेपण अभिक्रिया
1️⃣ What is a Precipitation Reaction?
English:

A precipitation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two aqueous solutions react to form an insoluble solid called a precipitate.

The insoluble solid settles down or separates from the solution.
Hindi:

वह रासायनिक अभिक्रिया जिसमें दो जलीय विलयन आपस में अभिक्रिया करके एक अघुलनशील ठोस पदार्थ बनाते हैं, उसे अवक्षेपण अभिक्रिया (Precipitation Reaction) कहते हैं। इस अघुलनशील ठोस पदार्थ को अवक्षेप (Precipitate) कहते हैं।
Exam Definition:

A precipitation reaction produces an insoluble salt when two aqueous solutions react.

परीक्षा में:

दो जलीय विलयनों की अभिक्रिया से बनने वाला अघुलनशील लवण अवक्षेपण अभिक्रिया कहलाता है।
2️⃣ Attractive Animation — Formation of Precipitate
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃
Aqueous Solutions / जलीय विलयन
Na⁺
Cl⁻
Ag⁺
NO₃⁻
3️⃣ Example 1 — Silver Chloride Precipitation
Step 1: Silver nitrate solution is taken.
AgNO₃(aq)
Step 2: Sodium chloride solution is added.
NaCl(aq)
Step 3: The ions exchange partners.
Ag⁺ combines with Cl⁻.
Step 4: AgCl is insoluble in water, so a white precipitate is formed.
AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s)↓ + NaNO₃(aq)
English: The white solid AgCl is the precipitate.

Hindi: सफेद ठोस AgCl अवक्षेप है।
4️⃣ Example 2 — Barium Sulphate Precipitation
BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂SO₄(aq) → BaSO₄(s)↓ + 2NaCl(aq)
English: Barium chloride reacts with sodium sulphate to form insoluble barium sulphate.

Hindi: Barium chloride और sodium sulphate की अभिक्रिया से अघुलनशील barium sulphate बनता है।

Precipitate: BaSO₄
5️⃣ CBSE Question — Full Solution
Q. What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples.
CBSE Board — 3 Marks
English Answer:

A precipitation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two aqueous solutions react to form an insoluble solid called a precipitate.

Example 1:
AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s)↓ + NaNO₃(aq)
Here, white insoluble AgCl is the precipitate.

Example 2:
BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂SO₄(aq) → BaSO₄(s)↓ + 2NaCl(aq)
Here, insoluble BaSO₄ is the precipitate.
Hindi Answer:

वह रासायनिक अभिक्रिया जिसमें दो जलीय विलयन आपस में अभिक्रिया करके अघुलनशील ठोस पदार्थ बनाते हैं, अवक्षेपण अभिक्रिया कहलाती है।

उदाहरण 1:
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃
यहाँ सफेद अघुलनशील AgCl अवक्षेप है।

उदाहरण 2:
BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2NaCl
यहाँ BaSO₄ अघुलनशील अवक्षेप है।
6️⃣ Important Characteristics
✔ Generally two aqueous solutions react.

✔ An insoluble solid is formed.

✔ The solid is called a precipitate.

✔ The precipitate may have a characteristic colour.

✔ Many precipitation reactions are also double displacement reactions.
7️⃣ Practice MCQs — 30 Questions
8️⃣ Assertion–Reason — 30 Questions
9️⃣ 2 Marks — CBSE Practice — 10 Questions
🔟 3 Marks — CBSE Practice — 10 Questions
1️⃣1️⃣ 4 Marks — CBSE Practice — 10 Questions
1️⃣2️⃣ 5 Marks — CBSE Practice — 10 Questions
1️⃣3️⃣ 6 Marks — CBSE Practice — 10 Questions
🏆 Final Revision
One-line definition:

Precipitation reaction = Formation of an insoluble solid when two aqueous solutions react.

अवक्षेपण अभिक्रिया:

दो जलीय विलयनों की अभिक्रिया से अघुलनशील ठोस बनने की अभिक्रिया।

Most Important Example:
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃
Precipitate: AgCl — White precipitate

Second Example:
BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2NaCl
Precipitate: BaSO₄