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Tuesday, August 11, 2026

Explain the mole concept in detail. Establish the relationship between mass, number of moles and number of particles.

🧪 MOLE CONCEPT

Mass • Moles • Number of Particles

📘 What is a Mole?

Mole पदार्थ की मात्रा (amount of substance) को व्यक्त करने की एक SI unit है।

1 mole में हमेशा 6.022 × 1023 elementary particles होते हैं। इसे Avogadro Number (NA) कहते हैं।

1 mole = 6.022 × 1023 particles

🌐 3D-Style Particle Visualization

1 mole → 6.022 × 1023 particles

🔗 Relationship: Mass → Moles → Particles

किसी पदार्थ की mass से पहले उसके moles निकाले जाते हैं और फिर moles से particles की संख्या निकाली जाती है।

⚖️ MASS
m grams
➡️
🧪 MOLES
n = m / M
➡️
🔬 PARTICLES
N = n × NA

📐 Important Formulas

Number of Moles
n = m / M
Number of Particles
N = n × NA
Direct Relation
N = (m/M) × NA

जहाँ:
m = given mass (g)
M = molar mass (g mol−1)
n = number of moles
N = number of particles
NA = 6.022 × 1023 mol−1

🧠 Solved Example

Question: 18 g H2O में कितने molecules होते हैं?

Step 1: Molar Mass निकालें

H2O का molar mass:

(2 × 1) + 16 = 18 g mol−1

Step 2: Moles निकालें

n = m / M
n = 18 / 18 = 1 mole

Step 3: Molecules निकालें

N = n × NA
N = 1 × 6.022 × 1023
✅ Answer = 6.022 × 1023 molecules

🎯 Quick Revision

1. 1 mole = 6.022 × 1023 particles

2. Moles = Mass ÷ Molar Mass

3. Particles = Moles × Avogadro Number

Mass → Moles → Particles
m → n → N