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CBSE Sample Practice Paper — 7 (Session 2026–27)
| Student Name: ______________________ | Roll No.: __________ | Section: __________ |
General Instructions:
1. This question paper is divided into four parts: Part A — History, Part B — Geography, Part C — Political Science and Part D — Economics. Each part carries 20 marks.
2. Each part contains Section 1 — Very Short Answer/Objective including Assertion–Reason, Section 2 — Short Answer and Section 3 — Long Answer with internal choice.
3. Answer Short Answer questions in about 60–80 words and Long Answer questions in about 120–150 words.
4. Read each question carefully. Attempt all questions. Marks are indicated against each question.
5. For map-based questions, use a political outline map of India and label locations clearly.
PART A — HISTORY (20 Marks)
Section 1 — Very Short Answer (MCQ/Assertion–Reason) (1 Mark each) — Q1 to Q5
Q1. Which development best explains how nationalism became closely associated with liberalism in nineteenth-century Europe? 1
Q2. Which event marked the formal declaration of the Non-Cooperation Movement by the Indian National Congress? 1
Q3. Why did Indian merchants and industrialists support the Civil Disobedience Movement during its early phase? 1
Q4. Which factor most directly contributed to the rapid spread of print culture in nineteenth-century India? 1
Q5. Assertion (A): The Rowlatt Act generated widespread opposition in India.
Reason (R): It empowered the colonial government to repress political activities and detain political prisoners without trial.1
Reason (R): It empowered the colonial government to repress political activities and detain political prisoners without trial.1
Section 2 — Short Answer (3 Marks each) — Q6 to Q8
Q6. Analyse how the French Revolution contributed to the emergence of the idea of the nation-state in Europe. 3
Q7. Explain any three ways in which the Great Depression affected Indian peasants and agricultural production. 3
Q8. Why did industrialists in Britain increasingly use advertisements and attractive packaging during the expansion of consumer markets? Explain three reasons. 3
Section 3 — Long Answer (6 Marks) — Q9
Q9. “The Civil Disobedience Movement was a broad-based movement, but its meaning varied for different social groups.” Analyse the statement with suitable examples.6
— OR —
Explain how the development of print culture changed the lives of women, workers and reformers in India. Use suitable examples.
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PART B — GEOGRAPHY (20 Marks)
Section 1 — Very Short Answer (MCQ/Assertion–Reason) (1 Mark each) — Q10 to Q14
Q10. Which category of resources can be developed and used with available technology but has not yet been fully utilised? 1
Q11. Which cropping pattern is most closely associated with the intensive cultivation of land to meet food requirements in densely populated regions? 1
Q12. Which mineral is the basic raw material for the iron and steel industry? 1
Q13. Which industry is often called a basic industry because its products are used as raw materials for many other industries? 1
Q14. Assertion (A): Multipurpose river valley projects are often called “temples of modern India”.
Reason (R): They can provide irrigation, electricity, flood control and water supply, though they may also create social and environmental costs.1
Reason (R): They can provide irrigation, electricity, flood control and water supply, though they may also create social and environmental costs.1
Section 2 — Short Answer (3 Marks each) — Q15 to Q17
Q15. Explain three major factors responsible for water scarcity in India, even in regions receiving substantial rainfall. 3
Q16. Distinguish between agro-based and mineral-based industries with suitable examples and explain why their location is influenced by raw materials. 3
Q17. On a political outline map of India, locate and label any three: (a) Bhilai iron and steel plant, (b) a major tea-producing state, (c) Tehri Dam, (d) Bengaluru software technology centre. 3
Section 3 — Long Answer (6 Marks) — Q18
Q18. “Resource planning is essential for sustainable development in India.” Explain the need for resource planning and discuss its major stages.6
— OR —
Analyse the role of transport and communication in the development of manufacturing industries and national markets in India.
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PART C — POLITICAL SCIENCE (20 Marks)
Section 1 — Very Short Answer (MCQ/Assertion–Reason) (1 Mark each) — Q19 to Q23
Q19. Which form of power sharing involves the participation of different social groups in governance? 1
Q20. Which constitutional arrangement best demonstrates the federal principle in India? 1
Q21. Which of the following is a major function of political parties? 1
Q22. Which challenge refers to the concentration of political leadership within family members? 1
Q23. Assertion (A): Decentralisation can deepen democracy at the grassroots level.
Reason (R): It allows local people to participate directly in decisions affecting their communities.1
Reason (R): It allows local people to participate directly in decisions affecting their communities.1
Section 2 — Short Answer (3 Marks each) — Q24 to Q26
Q24. Explain how power sharing can be both prudential and moral in a democracy. 3
Q25. Explain any three ways in which linguistic accommodation strengthened Indian federalism. 3
Q26. Why is internal democracy within political parties important? Explain three consequences of its absence. 3
Section 3 — Long Answer (6 Marks) — Q27
Q27. “Federalism in India has evolved through both constitutional arrangements and political practice.” Analyse the statement with suitable examples.6
— OR —
“Political parties are indispensable to representative democracy, yet they face serious organisational and ethical challenges.” Discuss the statement critically.
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PART D — ECONOMICS (20 Marks)
Section 1 — Very Short Answer (MCQ/Assertion–Reason) (1 Mark each) — Q28 to Q32
Q28. Which combination best represents important non-income indicators of development? 1
Q29. Which sector includes manufacturing and processing of raw materials into finished goods? 1
Q30. Which institution is an important formal source of credit in India? 1
Q31. Which factor has significantly enabled the expansion of globalisation? 1
Q32. Assertion (A): Banks play an important role in the economic development of a country.
Reason (R): Banks accept deposits and use a major portion of these deposits to provide loans for productive activities.1
Reason (R): Banks accept deposits and use a major portion of these deposits to provide loans for productive activities.1
Section 2 — Short Answer (3 Marks each) — Q33 to Q35
Q33. Explain why public facilities such as healthcare, sanitation and education are important for assessing development. 3
Q34. Analyse three reasons why poor borrowers may depend on informal sources of credit despite their disadvantages. 3
Q35. Explain how MNCs organise production globally and identify three ways in which local producers may be affected. 3
Section 3 — Long Answer (6 Marks) — Q36
Q36. “The tertiary sector has become increasingly important in the Indian economy.” Explain the reasons for its growth and discuss its role in employment and economic development.6
— OR —
Critically examine the impact of globalisation on consumers and small producers in India. Suggest measures that can make globalisation more inclusive.
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Design of Question Paper — Blueprint
1. Subject-wise & Section-wise Blueprint
| Part | Section 1 | Section 2 | Section 3 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A — History | 5 × 1 = 5 | 3 × 3 = 9 | 1 × 6 = 6 | 20 |
| B — Geography | 5 × 1 = 5 | 3 × 3 = 9 | 1 × 6 = 6 | 20 |
| C — Political Science | 5 × 1 = 5 | 3 × 3 = 9 | 1 × 6 = 6 | 20 |
| D — Economics | 5 × 1 = 5 | 3 × 3 = 9 | 1 × 6 = 6 | 20 |
| Total | 20 | 36 | 24 | 80 |
2. Chapter Coverage
| Subject | Major Competency/Chapter Areas Covered |
|---|---|
| History | The Rise of Nationalism in Europe; Nationalism in India; The Making of a Global World; The Age of Industrialisation; Print Culture and the Modern World |
| Geography | Resources and Development; Water Resources; Agriculture; Minerals and Energy Resources; Manufacturing Industries |
| Political Science | Power Sharing; Federalism; Political Parties; Challenges to Democracy; Democracy and Accountability |
| Economics | Development; Sectors of the Indian Economy; Money and Credit; Globalisation and the Indian Economy |
3. Question Typology & Competency Focus
| Question Type | Total Questions | Total Marks | Primary Skill |
|---|---|---|---|
| Objective / Assertion–Reason | 20 | 20 | Recall, interpretation, conceptual clarity |
| Short Answer | 12 | 36 | Explanation, comparison, analysis |
| Long Answer | 4 | 24 | Critical thinking, evaluation, synthesis |
| Total | 36 | 80 | Mixed competency-based assessment |
4. Difficulty & Competency Design
| Level | Indicative Weightage | Focus |
|---|---|---|
| Basic | Approx. 30% | Definitions, identification, core facts |
| Moderate | Approx. 45% | Application, explanation, comparison |
| Advanced | Approx. 25% | Analysis, evaluation, critical reasoning |
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Answer Key & Marking Scheme — Sample Paper 8
PART A — HISTORY
Q1. (B)
Q2. (B)
Q3. (A)
Q4. (C)
Q5. (A)
Q6. National identity developed through common symbols, allegories, language, cultural traditions, folk practices and political movements demanding national unity and sovereignty.
Q7. War expenditure increased taxes and prices; demand for foodgrains and raw materials increased; forced recruitment and economic pressures affected rural society; exports and production patterns were altered.
Q8. Hand labour remained flexible; luxury and specialised goods required skilled workers; mechanisation was costly; seasonal demand and varying designs favoured hand production.
Q9. Participation included peasants, tribals, business groups, plantation workers and women, but their aspirations differed. Peasants sought relief from rents/revenue, business groups wanted protection and favourable economic conditions, tribals opposed forest restrictions, while women participated through marches and picketing. Gandhi's leadership provided a common national framework, though local objectives were not identical. OR: Print culture enabled wider circulation of ideas, encouraged debate, challenged authority, spread reformist and nationalist writings, and created new reading publics in Europe and India.
PART B — GEOGRAPHY
Q10. (C)
Q11. (B)
Q12. (C)
Q13. (C)
Q14. (A)
Q15. Deforestation — afforestation; overgrazing — controlled grazing; mining — reclamation/regulated mining; excessive irrigation — proper drainage and water management. Any three appropriate pairs.
Q16. Primitive subsistence farming is generally small-scale and focused on self-consumption with traditional tools; commercial farming is market-oriented, larger-scale and generally uses modern inputs, improved technology and greater capital.
Q17. Any three correctly located and labelled examples such as Bailadila/Noamundi, Mumbai/Ahmedabad, Bengaluru/Hyderabad, Bhakra-Nangal/Tehri.
Q18. Minerals provide raw material and energy inputs for industries, transport and construction, but deposits are unevenly distributed and extraction can cause land degradation, pollution and displacement. Sustainable use requires efficient extraction, recycling, improved technology, environmental safeguards and restoration of mined areas. OR: Manufacturing creates jobs, adds value to raw materials, supports trade, reduces dependence on primary activities and promotes regional development through industrial linkages.
PART C — POLITICAL SCIENCE
Q19. (B)
Q20. (B)
Q21. (C)
Q22. (B)
Q23. (A)
Q24. Belgium accommodated linguistic diversity through equal representation, community government, regional governments and power-sharing arrangements in Brussels, reducing domination by one linguistic group.
Q25. Constitutional division of powers, multiple levels of government, independent jurisdiction in their areas, constitutional protection and decentralisation distinguish federal arrangements from a purely unitary system.
Q26. Lack of internal democracy, dynastic succession, money and muscle power, limited meaningful choices and weak transparency can reduce accountability and public confidence.
Q27. Democracy requires elections as well as institutions that answer to citizens, respect rights, permit public debate and remain accountable. Transparency, opposition, media, judicial review and citizen participation strengthen responsiveness. OR: Power sharing reduces social conflict, accommodates diversity and prevents concentration of power. Belgium and India's federal arrangements demonstrate how inclusion can strengthen democratic stability.
PART D — ECONOMICS
Q28. (B)
Q29. (A)
Q30. (B)
Q31. (B)
Q32. (A)
Q33. Income does not reveal distribution; development also depends on health and education; public facilities and environmental quality affect well-being. Any three valid indicators/arguments.
Q34. Formal credit is regulated, generally has more transparent conditions and protects borrowers through institutional rules. Informal credit is often unregulated and may involve higher or arbitrary interest rates with weaker borrower protection.
Q35. MNCs bring investment, technology and production networks; they may create jobs and integrate local producers into global markets, but can also intensify competition and influence production decisions.
Q36. Globalisation can provide markets, technology, investment and employment, while also increasing competition and pressure on small producers and some workers. Its impact depends on access to technology, skills, infrastructure, fair policies and the ability of producers to compete. OR: Money provides a common medium of exchange, eliminating the double coincidence of wants. Banks accept deposits, keep savings secure, pay interest and use deposits to provide loans to borrowers, thereby facilitating economic activity.
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