CBSE Class 12 Blueprint 2025-26
The CBSE Class 12 examinations for the 2025-26 session follow the updated pattern as per the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, with a focus on competency-based questions (40-50%), reduced MCQs (20-30%), and constructed response questions (30-40%). Below are the detailed blueprints for English Core, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, Physical Education, and Informatics Practices, including section-wise weightage, unit-wise distribution, and preparation tips. Exams are scheduled for February-March 2026 (tentative). Refer to cbseacademic.nic.in for official details.
1. English Core (Code 301)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks: Flamingo and Vistas.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (passage-based, case-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|
| A: Reading Skills | Two unseen passages (discursive/factual, literary/case-based, ~700-800 words) | 22 | MCQs (10x1=10), Short Answers (6x2=12) |
| B: Creative Writing Skills | Notice, invitation, letter (job application), article/report | 18 | Notice/Invitation (5 marks), Letter (5 marks), Article/Report (8 marks) |
| C: Literature | Questions from Flamingo (Prose: 20, Poetry: 10) and Vistas (20) | 40 | MCQs (4x1=4), Short Answers (6x2=12, 3x3=9), Long Answers (2x5=10, 1x5=5) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flamingo (Prose) | The Last Lesson, Lost Spring, Deep Water, The Rattrap, Indigo, Going Places | 20 | Themes (freedom, poverty, fear), character analysis |
| Flamingo (Poetry) | My Mother at Sixty-Six, Keeping Quiet, A Thing of Beauty, A Roadside Stand, Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers | 10 | Imagery, symbolism, poetic devices |
| Vistas | The Tiger King, The Enemy, On the Face of It, Memories of Childhood, Journey to the End of the Earth | 20 | Satire, human values, social issues |
Preparation Tips
- Practice CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Read 1-2 unseen passages daily, focusing on inference and vocabulary.
- Master formats for notice, invitation, letter, and article (150-200 words).
- Revise grammar (tenses, modals, voice) for passage-based questions.
- Learn key quotes and themes from Flamingo and Vistas for long answers.
- Time management: 40 mins (Reading), 40 mins (Writing), 100 mins (Literature).
- Ensure structured answers (introduction, body, conclusion) and legible handwriting.
2. Physics (Code 042)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning)
- 45% Competency-Based (case-based, numerical)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning | 16 | 16 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 5 | 10 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 7 | 21 | 3 marks each |
| D | Case-Based/Data-Based | 2 | 8 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields, Electrostatic Potential | 9 | 13% | Coulomb’s Law, Gauss’s Law, Potential Energy |
| Current Electricity | Electric Current, Circuits | 8 | 11% | Ohm’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Laws, Wheatstone Bridge |
| Magnetic Effects | Moving Charges and Magnetism, Magnetism and Matter | 9 | 13% | Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Law, Magnetic Properties |
| Electromagnetic Induction and AC | Electromagnetic Induction, Alternating Current | 8 | 11% | Faraday’s Law, AC Circuits, Transformers |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 3 | 4% | EM Wave Properties, Spectrum |
| Optics | Ray Optics, Wave Optics | 14 | 20% | Reflection, Refraction, Interference, Diffraction |
| Dual Nature of Matter | Photoelectric Effect, Matter Waves | 6 | 9% | Einstein’s Equation, De Broglie Wavelength |
| Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms, Nuclei | 6 | 9% | Bohr Model, Radioactivity, Nuclear Reactions |
| Semiconductor Electronics | Semiconductors, Logic Gates | 7 | 10% | PN Junction, Transistors, Logic Circuits |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Two experiments (8+8=16 marks)
- Practical record (6 marks)
- Project and viva (8 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Master derivations (Gauss’s Law, Lens Formula) and numericals (circuits, optics).
- Practice ray diagrams, circuit diagrams, and graphs.
- Focus on high-weightage units (Optics, Electrostatics).
- Revise practicals (focal length, resistance) and maintain a neat record.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use HC Verma and NCERT for conceptual clarity and numerical practice.
3. Chemistry (Code 043)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning)
- 45% Competency-Based (case-based, numerical)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning | 16 | 16 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 5 | 10 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 7 | 21 | 3 marks each |
| D | Case-Based/Data-Based | 2 | 8 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solutions | Types, Concentration, Colligative Properties | 7 | 10% | Molarity, Raoult’s Law, Osmosis |
| Electrochemistry | Cells, Nernst Equation, Conductance | 9 | 13% | EMF, Redox Reactions, Kohlrausch’s Law |
| Chemical Kinetics | Rate, Order, Half-Life | 7 | 10% | Rate Laws, Arrhenius Equation |
| d and f Block Elements | Properties, Lanthanoids, Actinoids | 7 | 10% | Electronic Configuration, Oxidation States |
| Coordination Compounds | Ligands, Isomerism, Bonding | 7 | 10% | Nomenclature, VBT, CFT |
| Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | Reactions, Mechanisms | 6 | 9% | SN1/SN2, Substitution Reactions |
| Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers | Preparation, Reactions | 6 | 9% | Dehydration, Williamson Synthesis |
| Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids | Carbonyl Compounds, Acidity | 8 | 11% | Cannizzaro, Aldol Condensation |
| Amines | Preparation, Basicity | 6 | 9% | Diazonium Salts, Hofmann Bromamide |
| Biomolecules | Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids | 7 | 10% | Structures, Functions, Deficiency Diseases |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Volumetric analysis (8 marks)
- Salt analysis (8 marks)
- Content-based experiment (6 marks)
- Project and viva (8 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Master organic reactions (name reactions, mechanisms) and numericals (electrochemistry, kinetics).
- Memorize coordination compound nomenclature and biomolecule structures.
- Practice qualitative analysis and titration for practicals.
- Focus on high-weightage units (Electrochemistry, Carbonyl Compounds).
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and Pradeep’s Chemistry for extra practice.
4. Mathematics (Code 041)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (case-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 20 | 20 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 5 | 10 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 6 | 18 | 3 marks each |
| D | Long Answer | 4 | 20 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Case-Based | 3 | 12 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relations and Functions | Relations, Functions, Inverse Trigonometric | 8 | 10% | Types of Functions, Domain, Range |
| Algebra | Matrices, Determinants | 10 | 12.5% | Matrix Operations, Inverse, Cramer’s Rule |
| Calculus | Continuity, Differentiation, Integration, Differential Equations | 35 | 43.75% | Chain Rule, Definite Integrals, Applications |
| Vectors and 3D Geometry | Vectors, 3D Geometry | 14 | 17.5% | Dot/Cross Product, Line/Plane Equations |
| Linear Programming | Linear Programming | 5 | 6.25% | Graphical Method, Constraints |
| Probability | Probability | 8 | 10% | Bayes’ Theorem, Random Variables |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Focus on Calculus (high weightage), practice derivatives, integrals, and applications.
- Master matrix operations and vector products for quick solving.
- Practice case-based questions for real-world applications.
- Ensure step-wise answers for partial marks, especially in long questions.
- Use NCERT and RD Sharma for additional practice.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
5. Biology (Code 044)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning)
- 45% Competency-Based (case-based, diagram-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning | 16 | 16 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 5 | 10 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 7 | 21 | 3 marks each |
| D | Case-Based/Data-Based | 2 | 8 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reproduction | Human Reproduction, Reproductive Health | 16 | 23% | Reproductive Systems, Contraception |
| Genetics and Evolution | Principles of Inheritance, Molecular Basis, Evolution | 20 | 29% | Mendel’s Laws, DNA Replication, Natural Selection |
| Biology and Human Welfare | Human Health, Microbes | 12 | 17% | Diseases, Immunity, Biotechnology Applications |
| Biotechnology | Principles, Applications | 12 | 17% | Recombinant DNA, Gene Cloning |
| Ecology | Ecosystems, Biodiversity, Environmental Issues | 10 | 14% | Food Chains, Conservation, Pollution |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Major experiment (8 marks)
- Minor experiment (4 marks)
- Slide preparation (5 marks)
- Practical record and viva (6 marks)
- Project (7 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Focus on Genetics and Reproduction (high weightage), practice Punnett squares, DNA processes.
- Draw labeled diagrams (reproductive organs, ecosystems) accurately.
- Revise practicals (microscopy, plant anatomy) and maintain a neat record.
- Understand case-based questions (health, biotechnology applications).
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and Trueman’s Biology for diagrams and theory.
6. Physical Education (Code 048)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 30% Select Response (MCQs)
- 40% Competency-Based (case-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 18 | 18 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer | 7 | 21 | 3 marks each (with choice) |
| C | Long Answer | 5 | 25 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| D | Case-Based | 2 | 6 | 3 marks each (2-3 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Planning in Sports | Tournaments, Intramurals | 10 | 14% | Knockout, League, Fixtures |
| Sports and Nutrition | Balanced Diet, Supplements | 8 | 11% | Macro/Micro Nutrients, Diet Planning |
| Yoga and Lifestyle | Yoga, Obesity, Diabetes | 8 | 11% | Asanas, Lifestyle Diseases |
| Physical Education and Sports for CWSN | Adaptive Sports, Disabilities | 7 | 10% | Special Olympics, Inclusive Sports |
| Children and Women in Sports | Posture, Women’s Sports | 7 | 10% | Postural Deformities, Gender Issues |
| Test and Measurement | Fitness Tests, Measurements | 8 | 11% | Rikli & Jones, BMI |
| Physiology and Injuries | Physiological Factors, First Aid | 8 | 11% | VO2 Max, Sprains, Fractures |
| Biomechanics and Sports | Motion, Friction, Levers | 7 | 10% | Newton’s Laws, Projectile Motion |
| Psychology and Sports | Motivation, Personality | 7 | 10% | Stress Management, Team Cohesion |
| Training in Sports | Strength, Endurance, Flexibility | 7 | 10% | Training Methods, Warm-Up |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Fitness tests (10 marks)
- Sport/Game proficiency (10 marks)
- Yoga/Viva/Record (10 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Memorize tournament formats, fitness tests, and asanas.
- Practice case-based questions on health, nutrition, and biomechanics.
- Prepare practical skills (games, yoga) and maintain a record.
- Focus on diagrams (posture deformities, levers) for long answers.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and Saraswati Physical Education for theory.
7. Informatics Practices (Code 065)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook, Python, MySQL, and data visualization tools.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning)
- 45% Competency-Based (case-based, code-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers, coding)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning | 18 | 18 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 7 | 14 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 5 | 15 | 3 marks each |
| D | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Case-Based/Code-Based | 2 | 8 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Topics | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data Handling using Pandas | Series, DataFrames, Data Import/Export | 25 | 36% | Pandas Operations, CSV Handling, Data Cleaning |
| Database Management | MySQL: Queries, Joins, Transactions | 20 | 29% | SQL Commands, Table Design, Aggregation |
| Introduction to Computer Networks | Network Types, Protocols, Security | 15 | 21% | TCP/IP, Cybersecurity, Cloud Computing |
| Societal Impacts | Data Privacy, Ethics, Cyber Laws | 10 | 14% | Digital Footprint, Intellectual Property |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Python program (12 marks)
- SQL queries (8 marks)
- Practical record (6 marks)
- Viva and project (4 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice Pandas (Series, DataFrame operations) and SQL queries (JOIN, GROUP BY).
- Write Python programs for data analysis and visualization (Matplotlib).
- Understand networking protocols and cybersecurity concepts.
- Complete practical projects (e.g., data analysis) and maintain a record.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT, W3Schools, and Sumita Arora for practice.
This blueprint is based on the latest CBSE guidelines and sample papers released in 2025. For official details, visit cbseacademic.nic.in. Consistent practice with NCERT and past papers (2020-2025) can help achieve 90%+ marks in all subjects.
CBSE Class 12 Commerce, Arts, and Agriculture Blueprint 2025-26
The CBSE Class 12 examinations for the 2025-26 session follow the updated pattern as per the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, emphasizing 40-50% competency-based questions, 20-30% MCQs, and 30-40% constructed response questions. Below are the detailed blueprints for Commerce (Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics), Arts (History, Political Science, Geography), and Agriculture, including section-wise weightage, unit-wise distribution, and preparation tips. Exams are scheduled for February-March 2026 (tentative). Refer to cbseacademic.nic.in for official details.
1. Accountancy (Code 055)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Project Work). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks. Basic, non-programmable calculators are allowed.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (case-based, analytical)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning | 17 | 17 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 6 | 12 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 6 | 18 | 3 marks each |
| D | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Case-Based | 3 | 18 | 6 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies | Partnership Fundamentals, Goodwill, Reconstitution, Admission/Retirement/Death, Company Accounts | 40 | 50% | Journal Entries, Profit Sharing, Share/Debenture Issue |
| Part B: Financial Statement Analysis | Financial Statements, Ratio Analysis, Cash Flow Statement | 20 | 25% | Balance Sheet, Liquidity/Solvency Ratios, Cash Flow |
| Part C: Computerized Accounting | Accounting Software, Database Management | 20 | 25% | Tally, Spreadsheets, DBMS Concepts |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice journal entries, ledger accounts, and balance sheets daily.
- Master ratio calculations and cash flow statements for case-based questions.
- Understand partnership and company accounting (goodwill, share capital).
- Learn Tally basics and DBMS for computerized accounting.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT, TS Grewal, DK Goel, and S Chand (by Rajesh Goel and Shelly Goel) for practice. For additional practice, refer to Arihant’s All in One Accountancy for solved examples and MCQs.
2. Business Studies (Code 054)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Project Work). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (case-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 20 | 20 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 5 | 10 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 5 | 15 | 3 marks each |
| D | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Case-Based | 3 | 20 | 6-8 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part A: Principles and Functions of Management | Nature and Significance, Principles, Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Controlling | 50 | 62.5% | Management Functions, Fayol’s Principles, Motivation Theories |
| Part B: Business Finance and Marketing | Financial Management, Financial Markets, Marketing, Consumer Protection | 30 | 37.5% | Capital Structure, Stock Exchange, Marketing Mix, Consumer Rights |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Focus on case studies (management, marketing) for competency-based questions.
- Memorize Fayol’s 14 principles, Maslow’s theory, and marketing mix.
- Understand financial markets (NSE, BSE) and consumer protection laws.
- Prepare project work (market survey, business plan) for 20 marks.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and Subhash Dey for practice. [](https://www.pw.live/commerce/exams/class-12-commerce-syllabus)
3. Economics (Code 030)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Project Work). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks: Introductory Macroeconomics and Indian Economic Development.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (case-based, data-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 20 | 20 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 4 | 12 | 3 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 4 | 16 | 4 marks each |
| D | Long Answer | 4 | 24 | 6 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Case-Based/Data-Based | 2 | 8 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics | National Income, Money and Banking, Income and Employment, Government Budget, Balance of Payments | 40 | 50% | GDP, Monetary Policy, Fiscal Deficit, Forex |
| Part B: Indian Economic Development | Development Experience (1947-90), Economic Reforms, Poverty, Rural Development, Employment, Sustainable Development | 40 | 50% | Liberalization, Poverty Alleviation, SDGs |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Master national income formulas and government budget components.
- Analyze data-based questions (GDP, poverty indices) with graphs.
- Study economic reforms (1991) and sustainable development goals.
- Prepare project work (e.g., rural economy analysis) for 20 marks.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and VK Ohri for practice. [](https://www.pw.live/commerce/exams/class-12-commerce-syllabus)
4. History (Code 027)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Project Work). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook: Themes in Indian History.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (source-based, map-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 20 | 20 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer | 5 | 15 | 3 marks each |
| C | Long Answer | 3 | 24 | 8 marks each (with choice) |
| D | Source-Based | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Map-Based | 1 | 6 | Identification and labeling |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part I: Themes in Indian History I | Harappan Civilization, Early States, Cultural Developments, Religious Histories | 25 | 31% | Indus Valley, Mahajanapadas, Buddhism, Jainism |
| Part II: Themes in Indian History II | Medieval Society, Bhakti-Sufi, Vijayanagara, Mughal Courts | 25 | 31% | Ain-i-Akbari, Bhakti Movement, Mughal Administration |
| Part III: Themes in Indian History III | Colonialism, Revolt of 1857, Mahatma Gandhi, Partition, Constitution | 30 | 38% | Colonial Policies, Non-Cooperation, Framing Constitution |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice source-based questions (Ain-i-Akbari, colonial records).
- Memorize key events (1857 Revolt, Gandhi’s movements) and dates.
- Master map work (Harappan sites, Mughal capitals).
- Prepare project work (e.g., cultural history) for 20 marks.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 15 mins (map), 100 mins (subjective).
- Use NCERT and Bipin Chandra for reference.
5. Political Science (Code 028)
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Project Work). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks: Contemporary World Politics and Politics in India Since Independence.
Question Distribution:
- 20% Select Response (MCQs)
- 50% Competency-Based (passage-based, case-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 20 | 20 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 6 | 12 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 4 | 16 | 4 marks each |
| D | Passage/Map-Based | 3 | 12 | 4 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Long Answer | 3 | 18 | 6 marks each (with choice) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part A: Contemporary World Politics | End of Bipolarity, New World Order, US Hegemony, South Asia, UN, Globalization | 40 | 50% | Cold War, SAARC, Global Governance |
| Part B: Politics in India Since Independence | Challenges of Nation-Building, Era of One-Party Dominance, Politics of Planned Development, Foreign Policy, Recent Developments | 40 | 50% | Partition, Congress System, Economic Reforms |
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice passage-based questions (Constitution, UN charters).
- Memorize key events (Partition, Emergency) and organizations (SAARC, UN).
- Analyze recent political developments (post-1990s).
- Prepare project work (e.g., globalization impact) for 20 marks.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and Laxmikanth for reference.
6. Geography (Code 029)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbooks: Fundamentals of Human Geography and India: People and Economy.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs)
- 45% Competency-Based (map-based, data-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 17 | 17 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer | 9 | 27 | 3 marks each |
| C | Data/Map-Based | 2 | 10 | 5 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| D | Long Answer | 3 | 15 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
| E | Map Work | 1 | 5 | Identification and labeling |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part A: Fundamentals of Human Geography | Human Geography, Population, Migration, Human Development, Settlements, Resources | 35 | 50% | HDI, Migration Patterns, Sustainable Development |
| Part B: India - People and Economy | Population, Resources, Agriculture, Industries, Transport, Planning | 35 | 50% | Demographic Trends, Green Revolution, SEZs |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Data analysis and mapping (10 marks)
- Survey-based project (10 marks)
- Practical record and viva (10 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice map work (India: rivers, industrial regions; World: population density).
- Analyze data-based questions (HDI, population growth) with tables/graphs.
- Study agriculture (cropping patterns) and industries (SEZs).
- Prepare practicals (survey, mapping) and maintain a record.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 15 mins (map), 100 mins (subjective).
- Use NCERT and Goh Cheng Leong for reference.
7. Agriculture (Code 068)
Total Marks: 70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical). Duration: 3 hours. Based on NCERT textbook.
Question Distribution:
- 25% Select Response (MCQs)
- 45% Competency-Based (case-based, application-based)
- 30% Constructed Response (short/long answers)
Section-Wise Weightage and Question Design
| Section | Description | Questions | Marks | Question Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | MCQs | 17 | 17 | 1 mark each |
| B | Short Answer I | 9 | 18 | 2 marks each |
| C | Short Answer II | 6 | 18 | 3 marks each |
| D | Case-Based | 2 | 12 | 6 marks each (3-4 sub-questions) |
| E | Long Answer | 2 | 10 | 5 marks each (with choice) |
Unit-Wise Weightage (Approximate)
| Unit | Chapters | Marks | Percentage | Key Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture and Crop Production | Scope, Soil Fertility, Irrigation, Cropping Patterns | 20 | 29% | Soil Testing, Water Management, Crop Rotation |
| Horticulture | Fruit/Vegetable Production, Ornamental Plants | 15 | 21% | Grafting, Nursery Management, Floriculture |
| Genetics and Plant Breeding | Hybridization, Genetic Modification | 15 | 21% | Mendel’s Laws, GM Crops, Breeding Techniques |
| Livestock and Poultry Management | Animal Husbandry, Poultry Farming | 10 | 14% | Dairy Management, Disease Control |
| Post-Harvest Management | Storage, Processing, Marketing | 10 | 14% | Cold Storage, Value Addition, Supply Chain |
Practical Exam (30 Marks)
- Soil and water testing (10 marks)
- Plant identification and techniques (10 marks)
- Practical record and viva (10 marks)
Preparation Tips
- Download CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26 from cbseacademic.nic.in. Solve 4-6 papers timed.
- Practice soil testing, grafting, and crop identification for practicals.
- Study crop patterns, GM crops, and animal husbandry techniques.
- Understand case-based questions (e.g., irrigation efficiency, market linkage).
- Prepare diagrams (cropping patterns, plant anatomy) for long answers.
- Time management: 30 mins (MCQs), 120 mins (subjective), 10 mins (review).
- Use NCERT and ICAR publications for reference.
This blueprint is based on the latest CBSE guidelines and sample papers released in 2025. For official details, visit cbseacademic.nic.in. Consistent practice with NCERT, past papers (2020-2025), and practical work can help achieve 90%+ marks in all subjects.
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